Additional Guidance on New Prescription Drug Reporting Requirement
As previously reported in 2021, Section 204 of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (“CAA”) requires plan sponsors of group health plans to submit information annually about prescription drugs and health care spending to Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) on behalf of the Departments of Health and Human Services (“HHS”), Labor (“DOL”), and the Treasury (collectively, the “Departments”). The first deadline is December 27, 2022. CMS recently updated guidance related to this reporting requirement that provides some helpful clarification.
What is Reported?
• Plan name
• Plan number
• Plan year
• Employer size (self-funded plans must elect an reasonable method of determining determine number of employees)
• Plan sponsor’s principal place of business (for self-funded MEWAs, employer’s principal place of business)
• Premiums (premium equivalents for self-funded plans)
• Average monthly premiums paid by the employer and the enrollees
• States in which the plan I offered
• Number of enrollees
• 50 most common brand prescription drugs dispensed
• 50 drugs with the greatest year-over-year cost increase for the plan
• Total spending by the plan broken down by:
• Types of cost (e.g., hospital, primary care, specialty care, medical benefit drugs, and other medical costs and services).
• Plan and enrollee spending on prescription drugs
• Impact on premiums and out-of-pocket costs associated with rebates, fees, or other payments by drug manufacturers to the plan (narrative response)
• Includes prescription drug rebates, fees, and any other remuneration paid by drug manufacturers to the plan or its administrators or service providers, with respect to prescription drugs prescribed for each therapeutic class of drugs, as well as for each of the 25 drugs that yielded the highest amount of rebates and other remuneration under the plan or coverage from drug manufacturers during the plan year.
Who Must Report?
Employers with fully insured or self-funded (includes level funded) group health plans, including grandfathered plans, church plans subject to the Internal Revenue Code, and governmental plans. The term “group health plan” does not include expected benefits such as onsite clinics and accident-only policies. It also does not include account-based plans (e.g., HRAs or health FSAs).
What Periods are Reported?
Information is reported on a calendar year basis, regardless of plan year. This is referred to as a “reference year.”
How is Data Reported?
Data is reported through the RxDC module in the Health Insurance Oversight System (“HIOS”). An account must be created unless the employer:
• Already has a HIOS account; or
• Is not uploading anything because another vendor is handling the full filing; or
• Where the employer is uploading partial data, not including any files.
NOTE: It can take up to two weeks to create an account so plan sponsors should plan accordingly. The instructions to create a CMS Enterprise Portal and HIOS accounts are in the HIOS Portal User Manual. The instructions for using the RxDC module are in the RxDC HIOS User Manual. To log in to HIOS, go to the CMS Enterprise Portal at https://portal.cms.gov/portal/.
Can a Vendor Submit Information on the Employer’s Behalf?
Yes. Insured plans may enter into a written agreement with their carriers to transfer responsibility and liability for reporting to the carrier which USI recommends. Self-funded plans may enter into a written agreement with their third-party administrator (“TPA”), pharmacy benefit manager (“PBM”), or other vendor to fulfill reporting functions on behalf of the plan; however, the plan sponsor remains liable for any failures.
An entity that submits some or all required information is called a “reporting entity.” Reporting entities may charge additional fees for compiling and filing the data. A plan, issuer, or carrier can allow multiple reporting entities to submit on its behalf. For example, a self-funded group health plan may contract with a TPA to submit the Spending by Category data file and separately contract with a PBM to submit the Top 50 Most Costly Drugs file. Plans, issuers, carriers, and their reporting entities must work together so that each data file submitted in HIOS contains all required information. If one reporting entity is responsible for only some of the fields in a data file, it should fill out those fields and then give the data file to the other reporting entity to complete the remaining information before submitting the data file in HIOS. Some of the above-listed data points may not be known by the issuer, TPAs, PBMs, or other vendors.
Employers should be prepared to receive a request for information from the carrier, TPA, or PBM and either timely provide the information or prepare to do a partial filing. If a plan, issuer, or carrier changes vendors during the reference year (such as changing a TPA or PBM), there are two reporting options: 1. The previous vendor reports the data from earlier in the year and the new vendor reports the data from later in the year; or 2. The previous vendor provides the data to the new vendor and the new vendor reports the entire year of data.
Either way, the plan sponsor must ensure that all their data is reported and that it is not double reported. For mixed-funded plans, which generally self-fund some benefits and fully insure other benefits, the self-funded business is reported in the self-funded market segment and the fully insured business is reported in the fully insured market segment. For example, suppose a large employer self-funds the pharmacy benefit of a plan and purchases insurance for the medical benefits. In this case, the pharmacy benefits would be attributed to the market segment for self-funded large employer plans and the medical component of the same plan would be attributed to the fully insured large group market.
Currently, CMS does not have a mechanism to notify plans, issuers, or carriers when data has been submitted on their behalf. To confirm submission, plans should contact their reporting entities directly.
What if a Plan Changes from a Fully-Insured Product to Self-Funded Coverage in the Middle of the Reference Year or Vice Versa?
The fully insured business is reported in the small group or large group market segments and the self-funded business is reported in the self-funded small employer or large employer market segments.
When is the Deadline and What is the Penalty for Noncompliance?
The last day to submit data for the 2020 and 2021 reference years is December 27, 2022. The deadline for subsequent reference years is June 1st of the calendar year immediately following the reference year. So, June 1, 2023, is the second deadline, reporting calendar year 2022 information. The penalty is $100 per affected individual. In addition, the DOL can enforce compliance.
Is there any Relief?
For the 2020 and 2021 reference years only, the Departments will not take enforcement action related to the requirement to report average monthly premium paid by employers versus members for the 2020 and 2021 reference years if those data elements are not available and they are reported for the 2022 reference year and all future reference years. There remain many unanswered questions with respect to this reporting. Hopefully, the Departments will issue further guidance before the due date. Issuers, TPAs, PBMs, and other third-party vendors are expected to be reaching out to plan sponsors in the coming months.